Catalog - SINCONA Auction 67

1

Order of Osmanje [Nişan-ı Osmani]. 2nd model (badge with green rays - 1867-1922) 1st-class badge with diamonds, manufacturing of the Imperial Ottoman Mint [Darphâne-i Âmire] in Constantinople, gold and enamels, with 48 diamond roses and shards, partly set à jour, one missing, large half moon in the centre silver gilt, 41.0 g, small enamel damages on eight rays on obverse and reverse, suspension probably replaced in silver gilt, without sash ribbon. BWK4 185 var.
Sehr selten / Very rare. Sehr schön / Very fine.
(~€ 7’475/USD 8’790)
Immediately after his accession to the throne Sultan Abdulaziz (1830-1876, reigned since 1861) reflected on the creation of a second Ottoman order of merit after the Order of Mecidiye [Nişanı Mecîdî], established in 1852. With ferman dated 21 Muharrem AH 1278 [December 9, AD 1861] he established the three-class (1st to 3rd class) Order of Osmanje - Nişan-ı Osmani] for civil and military merit (1st model), named after Sultan Osman I. Gazi (1258-1324/26, reigned since 1281/88), the first Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. From the beginning, the new order was ranking above the older Order of Mecidiye. In 1867 the statutes were amended thus changing the colour of the enamels from entirely red to partly green (2nd model). As a special honour, the insignia of the 1st class of the order also could be conferred with diamonds. After the Sultanate was abolished in 1922, also the order ceeded to exist.

1

Order of Osmanje [Nişan-ı Osmani]. 2nd model (decoration with green rays - 1867-1922), 4th-class decoration, manufacturing of the Imperial Ottoman Mint [Darphâne-i Âmire] in Constantinople from the reign of Mehmet V Reshad (1844-1918, reigned since 1909), silver partly brillanté, partly gilt, and enamels, some chipping in the green rays, with original breast ribbon without applied rosette, in its original green, golden-imprinted case. BWK4 190; EL S. 232; ER S. 240.
Sehr schön / Very fine.
(~€ 95/USD 110)

1

Order of Charity [Nişan-ı Şefkat]. 2nd-class badge, manufacturing of the Imperial Ottman Mint [Darphâne-i Âmire] in Constantinople from the reign of Sultan Mehmed V Reshad (1844-1918, reigned since 1909), gold and enamels, set à jour with about 101 white and small pink old and rose cut diamonds and diamond shards (checked!), some few missing, with original bow and pin. Together with the original firman for Mrs Nikolai at Moda, several times folded, with damaged original addressed envelope. BWK4 202.
Selten / Rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 4’675/USD 5’495)
The three-class (1st to 3rd class) Order for Charity [Nişanı Şefkat] was established by Sultan Abdul Hamid II. (1842-1918, reigned from 1876 until 1909) and reserved to women, only the 3rd class could also conferred as a commander’s decoration to gentlemen. The order was conferred until the end of the Sultanate in 1922.

1

Liyakat-Medal for Bravery and Loyality [Liyakât Madalyasι]. Golden Medal, German manufacturing, bronze gilt, with suspension, bronze gilt, and ribbon with applied sabre bar „sene 1332“ [year AD 1914], with pin. BWK4 85.
Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 95/USD 110)
• Dieses Los unterliegt bei Auslieferung in der Schweiz der Margenbesteuerung gemäss MWSTG 24a (22.5% Aufgeld inkl. Gesetzlicher Mehrwertsteuer)
• When delivered in Switzerland, this lot is subject to the margin taxation scheme in accordance with article 24a of the Federal Act on Value Added Tax (22.5% buyer’s premium incl. Statutory VAT).
After the Russian Empire on November 2, 1918, had declared war on the Ottoman Empire, the latter on November 12 declared war on the Triple Entente (Great Britain, France and the Russian Empire). By firman of November 16, 1914 [3 Terinisani AR 1330 - 27 Zilhicce AH 1332] some amendments for the two-class (gold and silver) Liyakat-Medal (as for the Imtiaz-Medal), originally instituted by Sultan Abdulhamid II in 1890 [AH 1308], were decreed. It now received the new name Liyakat-Medal for Bravery and Loyality and on the ribbon had to be applied a sabre-bar „sene 1332“ [year AD 1914].

1

Star of the Members of the National Assembly of the Ottoman Empire [Meclis-i Meb’ûsân-ι Osmânî Azalarina Mahsûs Gorec Alâmeti]. Edition for the third parlamentary session of the Ottoman National Assembly from AR 1332 [AD 1916] until AR 1335 [AD 1919], manufacturing of the Ottoman Mint [Darphâne-i Âmire] in Constantinople from the reign of Sultan Mehmet V Reshad (1844-1918, reigned since 1909) in 1916, diam. 83.0 mm, white metal (silver?) gilt and enamelled, 67.2 g, two enamel damages and some chipping on the rays, three of the longest rays on the reverse marked with „S“, on the reverse two fixing bows, without sash ribbon. BWK4 138.
Sehr selten / Very rare. Sehr schön / Very fine.
(~€ 3’740/USD 4’395)
The star was instituted in 1916 by command of Sultan Mehmet V Reshad (1844-1918, reigned since 1909) for the opening of the third parlamentary session of the National Assembly of the Ottoman Empire and handed over to the deputies. Probably there do not exist issues with other years of other sessions.

1

Order of Pius [Ordo Pianus]. Collar set of the order, 2nd editon (closed collar - since the 1970ies), probably made by Guccione in Rome, consisting of: collar chain with six coat of arms links, six papal symbol links, 13 ornamental links, two dove links and one tiara link, silver gilt and enamels, with enamel painting, with attached order’s badge, 2nd type, silver gilt and enamels, reverse centre without enamels, and breast star, 2nd type, silver, partly gilt and enamels, reverse centre without enamels, with pin, in its original case with the golden coat of arms of Pope Paul VI (1897-1978, Pope since 1963).
Äusserst selten / Extremely rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine. (2)
(~€ 6’540/USD 7’690)
Shortly after his accession to the Papal throne, Pope Pius IX [Pio Nono] (Giovanni Maria conte Mastai-Ferretti - 1792-1878, Pope since 1846) by Breve „Romanis Pontificibus“ dated June 17, 1847, established the originally two-class (1st class/neck decoration, with or without breast star, and 2nd class/breast decoration) highest order of the Holy See for civil and military merit. In 1849 resp. 1856 a grand cross class was added.
By Pope Pius XII (Eugenio Paccelli - 1876-1958, Pope since 1939) with Apostolic Letter „Egregio ducti consilio“ of December 25, 1957, the collar of the order was established. By Motuproprio „Equestres Ordines“ of April 15, 1966, Pope Paul VI (1897-1978, Pope since 1963) decreed the collar of the order furtheron to be reserved to heads of states only. Due to fact that the Papal Order of Christ [Ordo Supremus Militia Domini Nostri Jesu Christi] as well as the Order of Order of the Golden Spur [Ordo Equestri Militiae Auratae] are not longer awarded, the collar of the Order of Pius today is considered as the highest order to be conferred by the Pope.
According to the holders list published by Herkner (Herkner, Norbert: Der Pius-Orden, seine Goldene Kollane und ihre Träger. In: Orden und Ehrenzeichen, 3rd year no. 15 (Ocrober 2001), p. 2-8) only 25 collars of this order were awarded by Pope Paul VI between 1963 and 1977.

1

Order of the Leader [Nishan-e Sardari]. Superior-class breast star with diamonds, diam. 58.6 mm, manufacturing by Spink & Son Ltd. In London, with arms in the form from 1919 until after 1923, gold, set with eight old or drop cut diamonds, 43.6 g, with pin, in its original case by Spink. BWK1 33.
Äusserst selten / Extremely rare. Fast vorzüglich / About extremely fine.
(~€ 28’035/USD 32’965)
Probably the order was originally established by Habibullah Khan, Amir of Afghanistan (1872-1919, reigned since 1901) as a rank badge for military leaders [Sardar] before 1907. Since 1907 it was also used as order for merit. In 1922 during the reign of Amanullah Khan (1892-1960, reigned from 1919 until 1926 as emir and from 1926 until 1929 as king) the now two-class order was institutionalized by the Afghan Parliament [Durga]. In 1923 statutes were issued.
According to the unconfirmed information of the consignor, this piece was made for Habibullah Khan, and after his death also worn by his successor Amanullah Khan.

1

Imperial Order of the Rose [Ordem Imperial da Rosa]. Commander’s breast star (small diameter, surmounted with crown), edition with green enamelled inside of the crown, 73.4 x 54.0 mm, gold (also the star corpus!) and enamels, 36.2 g, finest enamel painting, superficial enamel chipping on the 2 o’clock ray, two roses nearly invisibly repaired, slight gold patina, with pin. BWK1 109.
Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 3’270/USD 3’845)
The Imperial Order of the Rose [Ordem Imperial da Rosa] was instituted by Emperor Dom Pedro I (1798-1834, Emperor of Brazil from 1831) who established the seven-class (Collar, Grand Cross, Grand Dignitaries, Dignitaries, Commander, Officers and Knights) order for civil and military merit on October 17, 1829, on occasion of his wedding with his second wife Princess Amélie von Leuchtenberg (1812-1873), fourth daughter of Eugène-Rose de Beauharnais, Herzog von Leuchtenberg and Fürst von Eichstätt (1781-1824) and Auguste Princess of Bavaria (1788-1851). After the abdication of Pedro I in 1831 in favour of his son Pedro II (1825-1891, reigned from 1831/1840 until 1889), during the regency until 1840, the order was not conferred. After the coronation of Pedro II on July 28, 1841, the order was again to be conferred, until 1889, when Pedro II was forced to abdicate. With the foundation of the Republic of Brazil the order ceeded to exist.

1

Imperial Order of the Rose [Ordem Imperial da Rosa]. Officer’s breast star (small diameter, without crown), diam. 59.4 mm, silver gilt, applications gold and enamels, with finest enamel painting, some enamel damages and repairs, with pin, pin hook on the reverse replaced. BWK1 110.
Sehr schön / Very fine.
(EUR 1’400 / USD 1’650)

4

(Imperial Order of the) Precious Star of the Double Dragon. 1st model (1882-1896), 2nd issue (1st to 3rd class with breast stars - probably since 1894), 3rd class, 3rd-grade set of insignia, Chinese manufacturing, consisting of: neck badge, 73.4 x 46.7 mm, silver gilt and enamels, with blue glass cabochons, 57.6 g, with its original old embroidered and conditioned neck ribbon, and breast star, 85.6 x 85.5 mm, silver, partly gilt, and enamels, the dragons with some enamel chipping, the colouring in the inner centre ring mostly gone, with larger and small blue glass cabochon, 15.4 g, with pin.
Äusserst selten / Extremely rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 4’675/USD 5’495)
Extremely rare set that obviously in this combination was awarded from 1894 until 1896 only.
The (Imperial Order of the) Precious Star of the Double Dragon was established during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor (1871-1908, reigned since 1875) under the regency of the Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908, regent since 1861) on February 7, 1882, as a general order for civil and military merit, restricted to foreigners only. It consisted of five classes, of which the three upper ones were subdivided again into three grades. Its statutes, including full-size illustrations, were printed in Chinese and also in French by Th. Dupuy in Paris in form of a proposal of the Tsongli-Yamen (Premier’s office) to the Empress Regent on February 7, 1882. On the insignia of the 1st model, the class and grade designation is written in Man characters.
The early insignia were made in China, but they were often criticized in the Western World as being below the dignity of China, as being worn only as neck badges (although on beautifully embroidered ribbons) without stars even in the highest classes, as having the size of cow bells, and as being not shiny enough. This led to a number of changes. Sashes were introduced already in 1883 for the 1st and 2nd class which, according to a decree of 1894, had now to be in gold and to be accompanied by breast stars.
The variety of these insignia of this 1st model was greatly enhanced by the fact that the recipients of the three lower classes could be proposed to the Court by Viceroys, Governors, Generals and other high officials who, however, had to pay for the insignia. This was used particularly by Li Hongzhang (1823-1901) to introduce neck badges of reduced size and of non-standard design. When breast stars were introduced in 1894, the silver stars were also ordered in Europe (from, e.g., Halley, Krétly, Lemaitre, Wolfers, and Godet) and surmounted by a much reduced, Chinese-made badge.
In spite of the decentralized proposals, a central roster of all bestowals was kept in Peking with a running number through all classes. These numbers, repeated on the bestowal documents, allow the conclusion that less than 1000 insignia of the 1st model in all classes were distributed from 1882 until the outbreak of the Boxer Rebellion. In 1911, the order was abolished and replaced by a new system of five different orders, of which two consisted of eight classes. These orders were only conferred until the end of the Chinese monarchy in 1912.

1

Order of Muhammad Ali [Nishan al-Muhammad’Ali]. 2nd model (1919-1953), Grand Cordon set of insignia, manufactured by Lattes in Cairo, consisting of order’s badge, 750/000 (18 K) massive gold and enamels, set à jour with six rubies and six emeralds, 56.3 g (!), on the reverse manufacturer’s indication, on the agraffe Cairo gold mark „18 „ [18] and year mark „Z“ for 1949, with its full original conditioned sash ribbon, and breast star, 750/000 (18 K) massive gold, partly brillanté, and enamels, set à jour with six rubies and six emeralds, 134.2 g (!), on the reverse manufacturer’s indication, with pin, this with French mark for foreign production since 1893 (owl), with two fixing pins, one slightly bent, the other broken away, but present, in its original rubbed gold imprinted leather case with the Royal cipher of King Fu’ ad I (1868-1936, Sultan from 1917 until 1922, king since 1922). BWK2 20, 21.
Sehr selten / Very rare. Fast vorzüglich / About extremely fine.
(~€ 28’035/USD 32’965)
In consequence of his elevation to Sultan of Egypt by the British, Hussein Kamel (1853-1917, reigned since 1914) from the Muhammad Ali Dynasty by decree dated Abdîn Palce at Cairo April 4, 1915, established this three-class (Collar [al qilâda], 1st class or Grand Cordon [al-wisâh-al-akbar] and 2nd class [al-tabaqa al-aulâ], with annexed gold [nûtu ‘l-zahab] and silver medal [nûtu ‘l-fidda] of the order) order as the highest order of the sultanate, named after Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas’ud ibn Agha (1769-1849, from 1805 until 1848 Wâli and de facto ruler of Egypt and Sudan), the founder of the dynasty, originally originating from Albania (1st model).
Sultan Fuad I (1868-1936, since 1917 Sultan and since 1922 King of Egypt) by decree of August 11, 1919, then changed the design fundamentally, especially in using now massive gold instead of the former silver and in setting precious stones to the insignia, and reduced the number of holders of the 1st class from 30 to 15 (excluding the princes of the royal family and foreigners in Egyptian service). After the proclamation of the Kingdom of Egypt on March 15, 1922, new statues were issued by Royal decree no. 4 on January 1, 1923, without changing the design of the insignia. By Royal decree no. 50 dated May 24, 1926, the second class of the order was abolished, and the name of the 1st class was changed into ”Grand Cordon” [al-wisâh-al-akbar]. After the proclamation of the Arab Republic of Egypt on June 18, 1953, the order ceeded to exist. (Source: Ägypten - Mohammed Ali-Orden. In KOL1.)

1

Medal „Golden Star“ [Medalla Estrella de Oro] of a „Hero of the Republic of Cuba“ [Héroe de la República de Cuba]. Large edition (diam. 28.7 mm), hollow manufacturing, white metal gilt, with clasp for wearing, white metal gilt and enamels, with two pins, in its original, slightly spotted bestowal case.
Sehr selten / Very rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 935/USD 1’100)
According to the owner this piece was conferred in 1984 upon Arnaldo Ochoa Sánchez (1930-1989), General and commander of the Cuban troops abroad, so also in the Angolian Civil War since 1975. In 1989 he was accused and found guilty among others for drug smuggling and treason. He was sentenced to death, deprived from his status as a General and Hero of Cuba (the only one in Cuba’s history until today) and executed on July 13, 1989.
The title of honour ”Hero of Cuba” with the Medal ”Golden Star” was established as the highest award of the Republic of Cuba by the State Council of Cuba [Consejo de Estado de Cuba] with Law no. 17 of June 28, 1978. Between 1980 and 2015 the title of honour was conferred 45 times (including 22 Generals), among them two posthumously, three women and one to the city of Santiago de Cuba in 1984. The conferring of the honour title also includes the Order of Playa Girón [Orden Playa Girón]. The Medal ”Golden Star” is existing in two different sizes; the larger one is worn by the members of the Revolutionary Armed Forces or and the Forces of the Ministry of the Interior, the smaller one in civilian clothing and by women.

1

Order of Glory [Nishan-i-Iftekhar]. Officer’s decoration, silver gilt and enamels, damages in the blue and white enamels, with wrong ribbon without rosette. BWK 273.
Sehr selten / Very rare. Gutes schön / Good fine.
(~€ 280/USD 330)
The original three-class (1st to 3rd class) order for civil and military merit was established before 1899 by Sir Jagatjit Singh Sahib Bahadur GCSI GCIE GBE (1872-1949, reigned from 1877/1890 until 1911 as Raja, then as Maharaja until 1947), Maharaja of Kapurthala (today the district of Karpurthala in the Federal State of Punjab in the North of India). From an unknown date on there also was created an officer’s decoration. It is not known whether the order is still awarded as a family order or if the bestowals ended with the abolition of monarchy in India in 1947.

1

Order of the Star of Africa. Knight Commander’s set of insignia, manufacturing of A. Chobillon in Paris, consisting of: neck badge, 900/000 silver gilt and enamels, three tips of the rays slightly bent, five with min. enamel chipping, on the ribbon ring manufacturer’s and silver mark, with original conditioned neck ribbon, and breast star, silver gilt and enamels, with pin, this with manufacturer’s and silver mark, as well on the pin hook, with two lateral fixing hooks. BWK3 17, 18.
Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine. (2)
(~€ 185/USD 220)
• Dieses Los unterliegt bei Auslieferung in der Schweiz der Margenbesteuerung gemäss MWSTG 24a (22.5% Aufgeld inkl. Gesetzlicher Mehrwertsteuer)
• When delivered in Switzerland, this lot is subject to the margin taxation scheme in accordance with article 24a of the Federal Act on Value Added Tax (22.5% buyer’s premium incl. Statutory VAT).
The six-class (originally five-class) order (Collar, Grand Cordon, Knight Commander, Commander, Officer and Knight) for civil merit in Liberian or African affairs was instituted in 1920. Its design probably followed the insignia of the Royal Portuguese Order of the Conception of Our Lady of Vila Viçosa.

1

The Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Kelantan or of the Star of Muhammad [Darjah Kebesaran Mahkota Kelantan Yang Amat Mulia / Bintang Al-Muhammadi]. Grand commander’s [Dato’ Sri Paduka - S.P.M.K.] set of insignia, manufacturing of Mariwasa Kraftangan SDN BHD in Kuala Lumpur, consisting of: collar of the order, with 28 links, silver gilt and enamels, 316 g, badge of the order, 925/000 silver partly gilt, and enamels, 59.9 g, on the reverse manufacturer’s and silver mark „925“, and breast star, 925/000 silver brillanté, partly gilt, and enamels, 116.4 g, on the reverse manufacturer’s and silver mark „925“, with pin, in its original case of Mariwasa with golden imprinted coat of arms of the sultanate and name of the order.
Äusserst selten / Extremely rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine. (4)
(~€ 9’345/USD 10’990)
The originally three-class (grand commander, commander and member, with associated decoration of the Crown of Kelantan) order for civil merit was instituted in 1916 by Sultan Muhammad IV Ibni Sultan Muhammad, Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan of the Sultanate of Kelantan (1870-1920, reigned since 1900). The grand commander’s class [Dato’ Sri Paduka - S.P.M.K.] is limited to fifty holders, but as am matter of fact, much less have been awarded.

1

The Illustrous Order of Kinabalu [Darjah Yang Amat Mulia Kinabalu]. Probably 1st model, collar for the Grand Commanders of the Order [Seri Panglima Darjah Kinabalu - S.P.D.K.], consisting of eight flag links and five symbol links, manufacturing by B. P. de Silva in Singapore and Penang, 750/000 gold (18 K) and enamels, on the reverse of 12 links hallmarks „18K“, with order’s badge, 750/000 gold (18 K), with probably silver centre with gold letters and probably a paste stone showing an volcano island, on the reverse two hallmarks „18K“ and number „3“, total weight 425.9 g, in its original golden imprinted case of de Silva. Together with the State of Sabah Government Gazette dated September 16, 1974, stating conferings of several grades of the order.
Äusserst selten / Extremely rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 14’020/USD 16’485)
The four-class (Grand Commander [Seri Panglima Darjah Kinabalu], Commander [Panglima Gemilang Darjah Kinabalu - P.G.D.K.], Companion [Ahli Setia Darjah Kinabalu - A.S.D.K.] and Member [Ahli Darjah Kinabalu - A.D.K.]) order for meritorious service to the State of Sabah wasn instituted by the Sultanate of Sabah „State Honours Enactment 1963 Section 3 (a) in 1963. It is conferred by the Yang di-Pertua Negeri [Governor General - ceremonial head of state] of Sabah. It seems, that in an unknown year the design of the insignia was changed.

1

Order of the Sun and the Lion Lion [Nishan-i-Schir-u-Khorschid]. 2nd model (1834-1848), 3rd grade (Sertib), fist class set of insignia for military holders (with crowned standing lion with a sabre), consisting of: sash decoration, silver brillanté, centre gold and enamels, with enamel painting, without sash ribbon, and breast star, with three rings round of the centre, silver brillanté, centre gold and enamels, with enamel painting, with pin.
Von grösster Seltenheit / Of the highest rarity. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine. (2)
(~€ 9’345/USD 10’990)
In the year AH 1223 [AD 1808] Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (1772-1834, reigned since 1897) instituted the Order of the Lion and the Sun [Nishan-i-Schir-u-Khorschid]. Initially, it was intended to reward foreigners only for merits they had rendered to the empire. As it seems that the statutes of this order did not survive - if they have ever existed - little is known about classes and organisation. According to Mulder (in MEP p. 11) from 1808 until 1814 there existed perhaps only three classes (1st model). A certain system in the widely varying badges and stars is difficult to reconstruct, but there existed collars, sash and neck badges and breast stars, all set with precious stones and pearls. Probably the number of classes was enlarged in about 1820.
During the reign of Mohammad Shah Qajar (1808-1848, reigned since 1834), in the year AH 1252 [AD 1834] there were issued detailed statutes for the order, that probably now also opened it to Persians, establishing a highly sophisticated system of eight grades, the 1st to 6th grade (Nouyane, Amir Toumane, Sertib, Sèrhèngue, Yawer and Soltane) divided into three classes, the 7th grade (Nayeeb) into six classes and the 8th grade (Wekil) into five classes (2nd model). The classes were indicated by the number of circles around the centre. In the 1st to 6th grades the decorations were set with more or less precious stones, mostly diamonds. The 1st to 4th grade had also a full sash ribbon. These statutes also fixed the civil (with a resting lion in front of the sun) and the military (with a standing lion with a ”naked” sabre in front of the sun) division. This difference in the lions had existed already earlier in the 1st model, but it is not known if it indicated a civil and a military division. This highly sophisticated system led as a matter of fact to a very numerous variety of insignia.

1

Order of the Sun and the Lion [Nishan-i-Schir-u-Khorschid] - Order of the Imperial Effigy [Nishan-i-Temtal-i-Amur ut-Mumenin e Humayun]. 3rd model (1848-1939), Order of the Imperial Effigy diamond badge (since 1848) with the portrait of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1831-1896, reigned since 1848), 118.0 x 54.7 mm, gold, centre with enamels and finest enamel painting, set with about 216 diamond roses and shards of various size (checked!), one missing, without neck ribbon. 63.5 g. BWK3 75.
Äusserst selten / Extremely rare. Gutes sehr schön / Good very fine.
(~€ 23’365/USD 27’475)
Shortly after his accession to the throne, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1831-1896, reigned since 1848) gave out the order to edit new statutes of the order, that were published the same year AH 1264 [AD 1848]. The most important element was that all insignia of the order should no longer contain precious stones, but should consist of silver brillanté instead of the former stones. The existing system was enlarged to nine grades in total: the 1st to 7th grade (Nouyane, Amir Toumane, Amir Pendji, Sertib, Sèrhèngue, Yawer and Soltane) divided into three classes, the 8th grade (Nayeeb) into six classes and the 9th grade (Wekil) into five classes (2nd model), in general following the previous system. Also here the classes were indicated by the number of circles around the centre. The 1st to 5th grade had also a full sash ribbon. The civil and the military division diferred from one another as before in the position of the lion in the centre. As the highest type of badge, a diamond studded neck decoration showing the Imperial Effigy (Order of the Imperial Effigy [Nishan-i-Temtal-i-Amur ut-Mumenin e Humayun]) was introduced.
For foreigners too, a special system was introduced, showing the resting lion in front of the sun in the centre. The different classes of the order were as follows:
As highest class, the badge with the Imperial Effigy was reserved to the foreign sovereigns.
The 1st class consisted of an eight-ray (first edition), later six-tip sash badge, initially worn with a dark blue, shortly later with a dark green sash, to be worn with an eight-ray breast star.
The 2nd class consisted of a seven-tip breast star with small stars between the rays (1st edition), later without small stars between the rays (2nd edition). It seems that there was no further decoration.
The 3rd class consisted of a six-tip neck decoration, to be worn with a dark green neck ribbon.
The 4th class consisted of a five-tip star, initially worn as a breast star (1st edition), shortly later as a neck decoration surmounted by an agraffe, to be worn with a dark green neck ribbon (2nd edition); and later again to be worn as a breast decoration with a dark green breast ribbon with applied rosette.
The 5th class consisted initially of a four-tip star (1st edition), later of a five-tip star without surmounting agraffe (2nd edition), both editions to be worn with a dark green breast ribbon.
The 6th class consisted of an enamelled medal (?).
The 7th class consisted of a gold medal.
As lowest degree there existed a silver medal without class indication.
Again during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar in the year AH 1278 [AD 1860] there was issued an amendment to the 1848 statutes, instituting the Order of The Most Sacred of Agdas [Nishan-i-Agdas], the Order of Most Sacred Qods [Nishan-i- Qods] and the Order of Sacred Moqaddas [Nishan-i-Moqaddas], as superior grades of the the Order of the Lion and the Sun. Initially all three consisted of breast stars only, studded with diamonds (1st edition). Later they were issued in silver brillanté (2nd edition). The Order of Sacred Moqaddas again later was issued as an enamelled badge, to be worn on a sash ribbon and together with a similar breast star.
With its numerous kinds of insignia, the Order of the Lion and the Sun with its highly sophisticated system therefore is one of the orders in the world with the most variations. At an unknown date in the beginning of the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi (1878-1944, reigned from 1925 until 1941) the Order of the Lion and the Sun was abolished. Between 1925 and 1939 he instituted the Order of the Light [Nishan-i-Homayoun] as a five-class (1st to 5th class) order for civil and military merit, as a successor of the abolished Order of the Lion and the Sun.

1

Order of the Sun and the Lion [Nishan-i-Schir-u-Khorschid] - The Most Sacred Order (of Aqdas) [Nishan-e Aqdas]. 3rd model (1848-1939), The Most Sacred Order (of Aqdas) [Nishan-e Aqdas], order’s badge for military persons (with crowned, standing lion and sabre), probably Persian manufacturing, 142.1 x 83.9 mm, silver, centre gold and enamels, with enamel painting, set mostly à jour with 258 old cut paste stones, left suspension ring broken, on the reverse marked „M.A“, without sash ribbon.
Von grösster Seltenheit / Of the highest rarity. Fast vorzüglich / About extremely fine.
(~€ 28’035/USD 32’965)
During the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1831-1896, reigned since 1848) in the year AH 1278 [AD 1860], there was issued an amendment to the 1848 statutes of the Order of the Lion and the Sun [Nishan-i-Schir-u-Khorschid], instituting The Most Sacred Ordrer (of Aqdas) [Nishan-i-Aqdas], The Very Sacred Order (of Qods) [Nishan-i-Qods] and The Sacred Order (of Moqaddas) [Nishan-i-Moqaddas], as superior grades of the Order of the Lion and the Sun. Initially, all three consisted of breast stars only, studded with diamonds (1st edition). From an unknown date the orders were also issued with badges to be worn on a sash ribbon. Later they were issued (2nd edition) in silver brillanté (for the Order of Agdas and the Order of Qods) or with enamels for the Order of Moqaddas.