Catalog - SINCONA Auction 96

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James I. 1603-1625. Cast Silver Medal n. d. (c. 1620), 30.89 g. James I, Naval Reward. Unsigned. Three-quarters length bust, draped and wearing hat with feathers. IACOBVS . D . G . MAG . BRITA FR . ET . HI . REX . Rv. Ark on waves, smoke emitting from chimney. Above radiate sun bursting through clouds. STET . SALVVS . IN . VNDIS . Plain edge. 42.7 x 50.9 mm. Eimer 101A. MI i 233/96. Selten / Rare. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Zeitgenössischer ziselierter Guss / Contemporary chased cast.

The purpose of this medal is uncertain and it may have been an honorary badge for any victorious naval commander, or more probably a complimentary present to Court favourites. The design is symbolizing the state of the nation after the disturbances occasioned by the Reformation. These medals are always cast and chased. An original specimen of this medal has not been met with.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Jeton n. d. (1625), 4.02 g. Marriage of Charles I to Henrietta Maria. By P. Regnier. Busts face to face, celestial rays above. CH . MAG . ET . HEN . MA . BRIT . REX . ET . REG . Rv. Cupid walking, scattering roses and lilies, celestial rays above. FVNDIT . AMOR . LILIA . MIXTA . ROSIS . In exergue: 1625. Plain edge. 23.5 mm. Eimer 105Aa. MI i 238/1. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine.

From the auction Spink USA 9800, New York, December 2001, lot 5.

The couple first met in 1623 at a court entertainment in Paris, while he was on his way to Spain with the Duke of Buckingham to discuss a possible marriage with Maria Anna of Spain, which failed for a variety of reasons.

Searching elsewhere for a bride, in 1624 Charles sent a close friend to Paris, who, a Francophile and a godson of Henry IV of France, strongly favoured a marriage with Henrietta Maria, the terms of which were negotiated by James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle. Henrietta Maria was aged fifteen at the time of her marriage, which was not unusual for royal princesses of the period.

There were more than one pair of dies used to strike these small medals, which were probably distributed in great profusion. The device of the reverse is an elegant allusion to the union of the lilies of France with the roses of England. The motto is modified from Virgil. Aen. xii. 68.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal n. d. (1625), 0.88 g. Uniface strike. Marriage of Princess Henrietta Maria. Unsigned. Crowned bust in rich dress, flower bouquet on the left. MARIA . REGINA . ANGLIAE. Plain edge. 22.2 mm. Eimer -. MI -. Med. Hist. pl. CLXXXII, 5 (this specimen). Wahrscheinlich Unikat / Probably unique. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine.

Purchased from Spink Numismatic Circular, London, March 1998, lot 1619.

This piece is a shell without reverse and it was probably struck at the time of Henrietta's marriage or in the following year. The object of these thin plaques of silver is uncertain. One suggestion is that they were bezants or offerings at high festivals, but more probably they were intended to be used as ornaments to be worn on dresses or on hats. The pot, from which spring the rose and the lily, is a charming addition to the design.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Engraved oval Silver Medal n. d. (1625), 21.32 g. The Queen's Parents. By Simon de Passe. Conjoined busts. HENR : IIII . CHRIST : RE . MARIA . AVGVSTA . Below Simon Passæus fecit. Rv. Shields of France and Navarre under a crown, beneath H crowned between two olive-branches. Below Sim : Pafsceus sculpsit. Plain edge. 54.9 x 65.9 mm. Eimer -. MI i 240/7. Sehr selten / Very rare. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Winziger Randausbruch / Edge minimally chipped.

Charles I (19 November 1600 - 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.

This medal has been included in the English series for the following reasons: Simon Passe was born in 1591, and was only nineteen years of age on the death of Henry IV. He is believed to have come to England in 1613, where he probably remained until he entered the service of the King of Denmark around 1627. He never had any connection with the Court of France. And, as the medal in question is similar to the other medals which he executed in England, it is possible that it was made as a compliment to the parents of the newly-married Queen, which were Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Gold Medal 1630, 6.12 g. Birth of Prince Charles. Unsigned. Four heart-shaped shields of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, united in the centre at their bases. HACTENVS . ANGLORVM . NVLLI . Rv. Inscription in five lines: HONOR ' . PRIN ' . MAG ' . BRIT ' . FRA ' . ET . HIB ' . NAT ' . Plain edge. 30.4 mm. Eimer 115. MI i 253/34. van Loon II, 188,1. Vanhoudt/Saunders 1630-4. Selten / Rare. Gutes vorzüglich / About Uncirculated.

Prince Charles was born at St James's Palace on 29 May 1630 as the eldest surviving son of Charles I, King of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his wife Henrietta Maria, sister of Louis XIII of France. As Charles II he was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685.

From the style of work it is not improbable that these medalets were executed in Holland.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1630, 3.86 g. Birth of Prince Charles. Unsigned. Four oval-shaped shields of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, united in the centre of their bases and radiate. HACTENVS . ANGLORVM . NVLLI . Rv. Inscription in five lines within a decorative frame: IN . HONOR ' . CARO ' . PRINC ' . MAG ' . BRI ' . FR ' . ET . HI ' . NAT ' . 29. MAII . 1630 . Plain edge. 30 mm. Eimer 116a. MI i 254/35. van Loon II, 188,2. Vanhoudt/Saunders 1630-5. Sehr schön-vorzüglich / Very Fine-Extremely Fine. Feine Patina / Nicely toned.

Prince Charles was born at St James's Palace on 29 May 1630 as the eldest surviving son of Charles I, King of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his wife Henrietta Maria, sister of Louis XIII of France. As Charles II he was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Cast Gold Medal n. d. (1630), 68.63 g. Charles I, Dominion of the Sea. By N. Briot. Bust armoured and draped, wearing a large ruff. CAROLVS . I . D . G . MAG . BRITANIÆ . FRAN . ET . HIB . REX . Behind bust. NBRIOT. Rv. A ship in full sail. NEC . META . MIHI . QVÆ . TERMINVS . ORBI . Plain edge. 59.3 mm. Eimer 118. MI i 256/41. van Loon II, 227,1. Vanhoudt/Saunders 1636-3. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Zeitgenössischer ziselierter Guss / Contemporary chased cast.

From the auction Glendining & Co / Spink & Son Ltd, London, March 1974, lot 290.

The concept of the "Dominion of the Sea" was rooted in the belief that the English monarch had sovereignty over the seas surrounding the British Isles, particularly the English Channel and the North Sea. Charles I's efforts to enforce this claim were part of a broader strategy to strengthen royal power, project national prestige, and control maritime trade and fishing rights. However, his policies in this regard contributed to tensions with other maritime powers, particularly the Dutch Republic, and exacerbated domestic conflicts.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1633, 6.04 g. Scottish Coronation of Charles I. By N. Briot. Bust, crowned and draped. CAROLVS D G SCOTIÆ . ANGLIÆ . FR . ET . HIB REX. Rv. A thistle flower. HINC . NOSTRÆ . CREVERE . ROSÆ . In exergue: CORON 18. IVNII . 1633 R . Plain edge. 28.6 mm. Eimer 123. MI i 266/60. Sehr schön-vorzüglich / Very Fine-Extremely Fine. Feine Patina / Nicely toned.

Purchased from Seaby, London, November 1989, lot M203.

The Scottish Coronation of Charles I took place on 18 June 1633, at Holyrood Abbey in Edinburgh. This event was significant not only as a ceremonial affirmation of Charles I's kingship over Scotland but also because it highlighted the growing tensions between the king and his Scottish subjects, particularly over religious and political issues. These tensions would later escalate into the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and the English Civil War.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Cast Silver Medal 1633, 15.08 g. Charles I, return to London from Edinburgh. Unsigned. Equestrian figure holding an upright baton. CAROLVS AVGVSTISS ' . ET INVICTISS ' . MAG ' . BRIT ' . FRAN ' . ET HIB ' . MONARCHA . In exergue: 1633. Rv. View of London seen from the south bank of the Thames, above radiate sun. SOL ORBEM REDIENS SIC REX ILLVMINAT VRBEM .: E :. Plain edge. 41.8 mm. Eimer 124b. MI i 266/62. Sehr schön-vorzüglich / Very Fine-Extremely Fine. Felder leicht geglättet / Fields lightly smoothed.

Purchased from S & B, Great Missenden, March 1996, lot M31.

Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. This medal commemorates his return to London after his Scottish Coronation in 1633.
Cast impressions of this medal are common.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1633, 3.20 g. Baptism of Prince James, Duke of York. By N. Briot. Prince's arms within garnished shield with ducal coronet. NON . SIC . MILLE . COHORTES . Rv. Inscription in six lines: IACOBVS , DVX . EBOR : NAT ' . 15 : OCT : BAPTIZ : 24. NOVE : 1633. Plain edge. 29.6 mm. Eimer 126B. MI i 268/65. Gutes sehr schön / Good Very Fine. Felder geglättet / Fields chased.

Purchased from S & B, Amersham, May 1992, lot M91.

James II and VII (14 October 1633 - 16 September 1701) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685, until he was deposed in the 1688 Glorious Revolution. The last Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland, his reign is now remembered primarily for conflicts over religion. However, it also involved struggles over the principles of absolutism and the divine right of kings, with his deposition ending a century of political and civil strife by confirming the primacy of the English Parliament over the Crown.

James, second surviving son of King Charles I and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France, was born at St James's Palace in London on 14 October 1633. Later that same year, he was baptized by William Laud, the Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury.

There were at least three pairs of dies used in striking these pieces, which were liberally distributed upon the occasion.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1638, 9.16 g. Prince Charles, Knight of the Garter. By N. Briot. Sheep shelter beneath the tallest tree of a forest marked by the Prince's coronet; ship at sea on the horizon. SERIS . FACTVRA . NEPOTIBVS . VMBRAM . Rv. Inscription in seven lines within the Garter: CAROL . M . B . REGIS . FILIVS . CAROL . PRINC . INAVGVRATVR XXII . MAII . M . D . C . XXXIIX . Plain edge. 30.4 mm. Eimer 131. MI i 281/88. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Feine Patina / Nicely toned. Felder leicht geglättet / Fields lightly smoothed.

Purchased from Spink Numismatic Circular, London, April 1997, lot 2018.

Charles II (29 May 1630 - 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. He was appointed the Knight of the Garter on 21 May 1638.

The idea of the artist was to compliment the young Prince by representing him as the future protection of his people, as a young tree may become a shelter to flocks and herds.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1639, 89.36 g. Spanish fleet destroyed by the Dutch in Dover. By J. Loof. Two large fleets in battle; in foreground, a crew escapes from sinking ship. Rv. Inscription in fourteen lines: Æternitati S. Ob Hisp . classe . navib . 67 spectatis belli ducib ' . naucl . milit . 25m oniq ' apparatu instructiss . illustr . Pr . Hen . Fred . ausp . a Martino Trompio Hollandiæ maris p.fect . 16 Sept. 1639 navib . tantu . 17 aggressam , & seq . die circ . noct . iterum oppugnata , alteroq ' die 11 navib . auctô , dissipatam , ac sub Angl . littor . castella cedere coacta , ibiq ' per mense obsessam , tandemq ' à Reg . decedere iussa 21 Octb . magnâ virt . deleta Ordd . Fœd , Belg . F. F. Plain edge. 63.4 mm. Eimer 135. MI i 284/95. van Loon II, 245,1. Saunders/Vanhoudt 1639-4. Selten / Rare. Fast vorzüglich / About Extremely Fine. Randschläge / Edge nicks.

The Battle of the Downs took place on 21 October 1639, during the Eighty Years' War. A Spanish fleet, commanded by Admiral Antonio de Oquendo, was decisively defeated by a Dutch force under Lieutenant-Admiral Maarten Tromp. Tromp's victory ended Spanish efforts to re-assert naval control over the English Channel and confirmed Dutch dominance of the sea lanes, while it is also alleged to be the first major action to feature line of battle tactics.

This medal was struck at Middleburg in Holland.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Gilded Cast Silver Medal 1639, 42.63 g. Charles I, Dominion of the sea. By N. Briot. Armoured bust wearing a large plain collar. 1639 incuse in truncation. CAROLVS . I . D : G . MAG . BRITANN . FRAN . ET . HIB . REX . Behind bust BRIOT. Rv. A ship at full sail. NEC . META MIHI . QVÆ . TERMINVS . ORBI . Plain edge. 59 mm. Eimer 136. MI i 285/97. Sehr schön / Very Fine. Gelocht und Felder geglättet / Pierced and fields smoothed.

In 1639, Charles I of England sought to assert his authority and expand his influence through the concept of the "Dominion of the Sea." This idea was rooted in the belief that the English monarch had sovereignty over the seas surrounding the British Isles, particularly the English Channel and the North Sea. Charles's efforts to enforce this claim were part of a broader strategy to strengthen royal power, project national prestige, and control maritime trade and fishing rights. However, his policies in this regard contributed to tensions with other maritime powers, particularly the Dutch Republic, and exacerbated domestic conflicts.

This medal is cast and chased, and is a copy of MI i 256/40, with the exception of a difference in the portrait of the King, which is older, and the dress varied. It appears to have been issued when negotiations were going on between Oquendo and Charles I and when the fate of the Spanish fleet in the Downs off Dover depended upon the decision of the English monarch. It also affirms his claims to the dominion of the sea.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1641, 101.66 g. Marriage of Princess Mary to William of Orange. By J. Blum. Standing figures of William and Mary facing each other, their hands clasped; a cherub over each, holding a wreath. Beyond, a distant view of a palace. Behind Mary an inscription: Albionum genuit Rex me summusque Monarcha Carolus, et Sponsam me Jubet esse Tuam. Behind William another inscription: Princeps me Henricus genuit fortissimus heros Nasouiæ, et Sponsum me Jubet esse tuum. In exergue: Londini desponsati Wilhelm ' et Maria, Ano 1641. 12 Maj. Rv. Pallas receiving an olive-branch from Peace. Bellonam Princeps Pallas Pedibus Terit, et Pax Floret, et Alma Ceres, Confert Sacro Alite Fruges. In exergue: Noui Imperii Auspicio Bono. J. Blum Fe. Plain edge. 72.1 mm. Eimer 137. MI i 287/100. van Loon II, 251,2. Saunders/Vanhoudt 1641-3. Gutes vorzüglich / About Uncirculated. Feine Patina / Nicely toned. Leicht berieben / Lightly polished.

From the auction Münzenhandlung Heinrich Winter 50, Dusseldorf, November 1985, lot 4201.

Mary, Princess Royal (4 November 1631 - 24 December 1660), was a British princess, a member of the House of Stuart, and by marriage Princess of Orange and Countess of Nassau. She acted as regent for her minor son from 1651 to 1660. She was the first holder of the title Princess Royal.

On 10 February 1641, Charles I announced to Parliament that the betrothal of his nine year old daughter had been arranged and that it only remained to consider this union from a political point of view. Charles himself hoped that in case of emergency, the Prince of Orange would help him to maintain royal power in England. A modest wedding ceremony took place on 2 May 1641 at the Chapel Royal in Whitehall Palace, London.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal n. d. (1642), 106.77 g. Princess Mary, arrival in Holland. By S. Dadler. Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, enthroned, decorated with trophies of arms, tramples on prostrate foes and holds a sword and a band with the shields of the seven Provinces suspended from a cord held in his left hand. LIBERTAS PATRIE, ME DEFENSORE, TRIUMPHAT, INSIDIATA NIHIL VIS INIMICA NOCET. Rv. Palace and garden enclosed by an elaborate fence. At the entrance William receives his bride. QUO TE MARS ET AMOR VOCAT INTRA . DIVA VIRETUM FRUCTUM HIC LIBERTAS TE GENITRICE FERET. Plain edge. 73.2 mm. Eimer 138. MI i 290/105. Maué 47. van Loon II, 257. Saunders/Vanhoudt 1642-1. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Versilbert und gelocht / Silvered and pierced.

From the auction Laurens Schulman b.v. 25, Bussum, April 2004, lot 2298.

Mary, Princess Royal (4 November 1631 - 24 December 1660), was a British princess, a member of the House of Stuart, and by marriage Princess of Orange and Countess of Nassau. She acted as regent for her minor son from 1651 to 1660. She was the first holder of the title Princess Royal.

On 10 February 1641, Charles I announced to Parliament that the betrothal of his nine year old daughter had been arranged and that it only remained to consider this union from a political point of view. Charles himself hoped that in case of emergency, the Prince of Orange would help him to maintain royal power in England. A modest wedding ceremony took place on 2 May 1641 at the Chapel Royal in Whitehall Palace, London.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Cast Silver Medal n. d. (1642), 13.80 g. Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, Military Reward. By T. Rawlins. Half-length figure of Essex, armoured and holding upright sword. Above head: SX. Incuse legend: Should hear both houses of parliamant for true Religion and subiects fredom stand and Pro . Religione . lege . Rege . et . Parliamento. Rv. Two equal horizontal sections containing the two parliaments in which the king and speaker are seated. Wreath borders on edge. 38.1 mm x 53.8 mm. Eimer 140a. MI i 295/113. Selten / Rare. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Zeitgenössischer ziselierter Guss mit verziertem Laubrand und Henkel / Contemporary chased cast with wreath border and loop.

From the auction Spink USA 9800, New York, December 2001, lot 17.
From the auction Spink, London, March 1968, lot 2153.

Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, (11 January 1591 - 14 September 1646) was an English Parliamentarian and soldier during the first half of the 17th century. With the start of the Civil War in 1642, he became the first Captain-General and Chief Commander of the Parliamentarian army, also known as the Roundheads. However, he was unable and unwilling to score a decisive blow against the Royalist army of King Charles I. He was eventually overshadowed by the ascendancy of Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Fairfax, and resigned his commission in 1646.

This medal is always cast and chased, and furnished with loops for suspension. It was issued in gold and silver to be given to persons of various ranks in Essex's army.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Silver Medal 1643, 5.38 g. Peace or War. By T. Rawlins. Bust, laureate, armoured and draped. CAROLVS . D:G . ANG . SCOT . FR . ET . HIB . REX. Rv. Sword and olive-branch, crossed, between the letters CR crowned. IN . VTRVMQVE . PARATVS . In exergue: 1643. Plain edge. 28.6 mm. Eimer 142. MI i 308/134. Vorzüglich / Extremely Fine. Kleiner Schrötlingsfehler am Rand / Tiny flan defect on edge.

Purchased from Spink Numismatic Circular, London, May 1996, lot 3092.

The First English Civil War took place in England and Wales from 1642 to 1646, and forms part of the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. An estimated 15 to 20 percent of adult males in England and Wales served in the military at some point between 1639 and 1653, while around 4 percent of the total population died from war-related causes. These figures illustrate the widespread impact of the conflict on society, and the bitterness it engendered as a result.

This medal commemorates the Treaty of Oxford of 1643 which was an unsuccessful attempt by the Long Parliament and King Charles I to negotiate a peace treaty.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Cast Silver Medal 1644, 29.33 g. Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, General. Unsigned. Bust, armoured. . R . R . R . P . P . P . FIDISSIMVS . 1644 . Rv. S . X . and, on a scroll, G . L. MAGS : PROTECR : LIBERTAT' : PATRIÆ : Plain edge. 37.8 mm. Eimer -. MI i 312/141. Fast vorzüglich / About Extremely Fine. Zeitgenössischer Guss, Felder geglättet und kleine Kratzer / Contemporary cast, fields smoothed, small scratches.

From the auction Spink USA 9800, New York, December 2001, lot 19.

Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex (11 January 1591 - 14 September 1646) was an English Parliamentarian and soldier during the first half of the 17th century. With the start of the Civil War in 1642, he became the first Captain-General and Chief Commander of the Parliamentarian army, also known as the Roundheads. However, he was unable and unwilling to score a decisive blow against the Royalist army of King Charles I. He was eventually overshadowed by the ascendancy of Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Fairfax, and resigned his commission in 1646.

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Charles I. 1625-1649. Cast Silver Medal 1644, 14.94 g. Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, General. Unsigned. Bust, armoured. . R . R . R . P . P . P . FIDISSIMVS . 1644 . Rv. S . X . and, on a scroll, G . L. MAGS : PROTECR : LIBERTAT' : PATRIÆ : Plain edge. 37.2 mm. Eimer -. MI i 312/141. Gutes sehr schön / Good Very Fine. Zeitgenössischer dünner Guss, Felder geglättet, Henkelspur / Contemporary thin cast, fields smoothed, mount mark.

From the auction Peus 370, Frankfurt a. M., November 2001, ot 2212.

Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex (11 January 1591 - 14 September 1646) was an English Parliamentarian and soldier during the first half of the 17th century. With the start of the Civil War in 1642, he became the first Captain-General and Chief Commander of the Parliamentarian army, also known as the Roundheads. However, he was unable and unwilling to score a decisive blow against the Royalist army of King Charles I. He was eventually overshadowed by the ascendancy of Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Fairfax, and resigned his commission in 1646.